SPC Day 3-8 Fire Weather Outlook

Day 3-8 Fire Weather Outlook  
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0344 PM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Valid 071200Z - 131200Z

Upper-level flow will split on Day 3/Saturday and a cutoff upper low
will retrograde through Arizona and settle over Baja California by
Day 4/Sunday. This low begins to move eastward across the southwest
US and Mexico on Day 5/Monday and progresses through Texas on Day
7/Wednesday.

On Day 3/Saturday, the placement of the upper low near southern
California will contribute to strong and gusty offshore/northeast
flow over the area. However, elevated live fuel moisture will
inhibit the need for consideration of probabilities over this area.
As a shortwave trough moves across the northern High Plains during
this same time frame, marginally elevated fire weather conditions
are expected to be negated by recent cold temperatures and
precipitation.

On Day 4/Sunday and Day 5/Monday, as the aforementioned cutoff low
begins to move eastward, surface winds will increase to near
Elevated thresholds over northeast New Mexico and western portions
of the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles. Eastern portions of the
Southwest and western portions of the southern Plains will remain
under dry, but at times cooler, conditions through the outlook
period.

Early next week, there are some differences in forecast guidance
regarding the timing and speed of the cutoff low, but the overall
track remains similar. Given the recent precipitation and the
overall pattern, no areas of critical fire weather are currently
anticipated through the remainder of the extended period.

..Stearns/Nauslar.. 03/05/2026

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov/fire for graphic product...

No watches are valid as of Thu Mar 5 21:50:01 UTC 2026.

MD 0139 CONCERNING SEVERE POTENTIAL...WATCH UNLIKELY FOR DAVIS MOUNTAINS INTO THE PERMIAN BASIN


Mesoscale Discussion 0139
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0308 PM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Areas affected...Davis Mountains into the Permian Basin

Concerning...Severe potential...Watch unlikely 

Valid 052108Z - 052315Z

Probability of Watch Issuance...20 percent

SUMMARY...Large hail (up to 2 in.) and severe wind gusts are
possible with isolated severe storms into the early evening. Lack of
greater forcing/storm coverage should preclude a watch this
afternoon.

DISCUSSION...Convection continues to develop within the Davis
Mountains this afternoon as dryline slowly mixes eastward. Overall
forcing for ascent within the Permian Basin region is weak and
expected to remain so through the afternoon into the evening. A
storm or two initiating/maturing off of the terrain and/or dryline
will be possible. Effective shear will be weak initially, but should
increase with time as the synoptic trough approaches the southern
High Plains. Should storms initiate/sustain, large hail (perhaps to
2 in.) and severe wind gusts would be possible. The tornado risk is
expected to remain low given modest dewpoints and generally weak
low-level shear. If an isolated storm can last into early evening,
an increase in the low-level jet would enlarge hodographs, some
increase in tornado potential would occur. Such a scenario is
uncertain, however.

..Wendt/Guyer.. 03/05/2026

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...SJT...MAF...

LAT...LON   30810264 31220290 32690242 32840230 32920160 32710094
            32000099 30850164 30560206 30810264 

MOST PROBABLE PEAK TORNADO INTENSITY...UP TO 95 MPH
MOST PROBABLE PEAK WIND GUST...65-80 MPH
MOST PROBABLE PEAK HAIL SIZE...1.50-2.50 IN

MD 0138 CONCERNING SEVERE POTENTIAL...WATCH LIKELY FOR PARTS OF THE TX PANHANDLE AND SOUTH PLAINS INTO SOUTHWESTERN OK


Mesoscale Discussion 0138
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0247 PM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Areas affected...Parts of the TX Panhandle and South Plains into
southwestern OK

Concerning...Severe potential...Watch likely 

Valid 052047Z - 052315Z

Probability of Watch Issuance...80 percent

SUMMARY...The risk of supercells capable of all hazards will
increase between 22-00Z, and continue into tonight. A watch will
likely be needed for parts of the area within the next couple hours.

DISCUSSION...The latest visible satellite imagery depicts gradually
deepening boundary-layer cumulus developing over parts of the TX
South Plains -- where steepening low-level lapse rates are impinging
on sheltered/increasing boundary-layer moisture (upper 50s
dewpoints). As diurnal heating and low-level warm advection continue
in this corridor, antecedent inhibition at the base of the EML
should erode and support convective initiation in the 22-00Z time
frame. While uncertain, additional storm development is also
possible within zones of subtle differential heating farther
northeast in the TX Panhandle, where the low-level warm advection is
a bit stronger. 

Steep midlevel lapse rates and the aforementioned moisture will
contribute to moderate surface-based buoyancy, which combined with 
around 40 kt of effective shear, will favor discrete/semi-discrete
supercells -- given generally weak forcing for ascent. Initial
storms will pose a risk of large hail and severe gusts, though a
gradually strengthening low-level jet and expanding low-level
hodographs will lead to an increasing tornado risk into this
evening. The weak forcing for ascent and lingering inhibition does
cast uncertainty on overall timing/evolution of the severe risk,
though current thinking is that a watch will likely be needed within
the next couple hours.

..Weinman/Guyer.. 03/05/2026

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

ATTN...WFO...OUN...SJT...LUB...AMA...MAF...

LAT...LON   33880224 34420209 35270164 35720117 35980060 36019995
            35869933 35419896 34629889 33929924 32950029 32790092
            32910168 33280210 33880224 

MOST PROBABLE PEAK TORNADO INTENSITY...100-130 MPH
MOST PROBABLE PEAK WIND GUST...65-80 MPH
MOST PROBABLE PEAK HAIL SIZE...1.50-2.50 IN

SPC 2000Z Day 1 Outlook

Day 1 Convective Outlook  
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0157 PM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Valid 052000Z - 061200Z

...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
THE EASTERN TEXAS PANHANDLE INTO WESTERN OKLAHOMA...

...SUMMARY...
Scattered severe thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon into
tonight from northwest Texas and the Texas Panhandle into western
Oklahoma and southern/central Kansas. Large to very large hail, a
few tornadoes, and severe/damaging winds are possible.

...20z Update...
No changes have been made to the D1 Convective Outlook with this
update. 

Visible satellite continues to show continued mid-level cloud cover
across the far eastern Texas Panhandle into central Oklahoma. A warm
front has shifted northward across central Oklahoma, with 60F dew
points as far north as a line from the Oklahoma City Metro to Tulsa
and northeast OK. Dew points in the Texas Panhandle are also slowly
increasing, with mid to upper 50s. Breaks in the clouds are
increasing across this region, with filtered heating and
temperatures warming into the mid 60s to 70s on the western edge of
the cloud cover. Cu development is noted across the dryline in far
western TX/eastern NM. Steady cumulus development is ongoing across
the southern Texas Panhandle into western OK, with billow clouds
downstream of Cap Rock from Motley, Childress, and Cottle Counties
indicative of continued low-level stability, which is noted in the
18z sounding from AMA.

Thunderstorm development is expected near/just east of the Caprock
Escarpment with a few more hours of additional daytime heating by
late afternoon (4-6 PM CST as mentioned below). Initial development
is expected to be supercelluar, with potential for large to very
large hail. Strengthening of the low-level jet and resulting
increase in low-level shear through the evening will enlarge
hodographs, with an increasing risk for tornadoes, with potential of
a strong tornado (EF2+). 

Additional thunderstorm development may also occur across the length
of the dryline into west Texas where a Marginal Risk was maintained.
A Marginal Risk also continues across the Ohio Valley. See previous
discussion below for more information.

..Thornton.. 03/05/2026

.PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 1126 AM CST Thu Mar 05 2026/

...Southern/Central Plains...
An upper trough will amplify over the western U.S. today as a broad
zone of modestly enhanced mid-level southwesterly flow persists over
the southern/central Plains. At the surface, lee cyclogenesis is
forecast to occur across eastern Colorado through this evening,
which will promote continued northward transport of low-level
moisture across Texas into Oklahoma/Kansas. A surface dryline will
also extend southward from the low over the southern High Plains.

Multi-layer cloud cover remains semi-prevalent at late morning but
peripheral gradual clearing is noted across parts of western North
Texas as well as along the New Mexico/Texas border vicinity. The
strongest heating/mixing will occur in vicinity across far
west/northwest Texas, but it seems probable that storm development
will occur within the somewhat richer moisture near/just east of the
Caprock Escarpment including parts of Low Rolling Plains and
Texas/southwest Oklahoma border vicinity. Such development should
occur by around 4pm-6pm CST as convective temperatures are breached.

Somewhat modest/nebulous large-scale ascent will probably support a
multi-hour period of semi-discrete supercells even if effective
shear is not robust and low-level shear/SRH a bit modest during time
of initial development, but nonetheless steadily strengthening
toward/after 00z/6pm CST. This will include associated threats for
large to very large hail initially, potentially up to 2-3 inches in
diameter. The increasing low-level shear through the evening will
also foster enlarged low-level hodographs and the potential for a
few tornadoes with this activity, potentially including a
spatiotemporal window for a strong (EF2+) tornado even if a more
complex mode is evolving. Over time, convection is forecast to grow
upscale into a small but potentially intense cluster as it moves
northeastward into parts of western/northern Oklahoma and southern
Kansas.

Isolated supercells may also occur along the length of the dryline
across west Texas late this afternoon/evening, with associated
threat for occasional large hail and severe wind gusts. However,
confidence in any more than isolated coverage remains low due to
weak large-scale forcing. Farther north, isolated severe hail may
occur tonight with elevated convection in a low-level warm advection
regime across eastern Nebraska, northwest Missouri into Iowa.

...Ohio Valley to the central Appalachians...
A mid-level shortwave trough will move quickly eastward today across
the Ohio Valley. Modest low-level moisture will remain in place
along/south of a front, with generally weak instability forecast
across the warm sector. Even so, sufficiently strong low to
mid-level winds associated with this shortwave trough may promote a
few instances of damaging winds with loosely organized clusters that
develop and spread eastward through the afternoon.

...Florida Peninsula...
Beneath an upper high and within an easterly low-level flow regime,
strong heating will occur today across the Florida Peninsula, with
dewpoints dropping into the mid 60s F. Despite the upper high,
mid-level temperatures (-11 or -12C at 500mb) will remain relatively
cool. Scattered convection appear probable along the western Florida
Peninsula during the afternoon where low-level convergence will be
maximized. Locally strong wind gusts will be possible, although
organized severe thunderstorms are not expected.

SPC 1930Z Day 3 Outlook

Day 3 Convective Outlook  
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0128 PM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Valid 071200Z - 081200Z

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM TX TO LOWER
MS VALLEY AND THE UPPER OH VALLEY TO LOWER GREAT LAKES...

...SUMMARY...
Isolated to scattered severe thunderstorms are possible from
Saturday morning into the evening across a broad swath of the
southern Great Plains to the Lower Great Lakes. Isolated very large
hail may occur in parts of Texas.

...Synopsis...
An upper trough consisting of multiple embedded shortwave impulses
will move east from the Upper Midwest to the Great Lakes. A closed
low over the Lower CO Valley will further retrograde to west of Baja
CA. A surface cyclone over eastern Upper MI at 12Z Saturday will
deepen as it rapidly progresses into QC. A full-latitude cold front
will arc southwestward, crossing the eastern Great Lakes and Midwest
on Saturday. The trailing portion will slow its southern movement
over TX and likely be modulated by convective outflows. 

...TX to the Lower MS Valley...
Primary changes are to add a CIG1 area for very large hail potential
in TX, and shift/expand the cat 2-SLGT risk north-northeast per
latest guidance.

While TX will largely remain within a flat to low-amplitude
mid-level ridge between the aforementioned troughs/lows well to its
north and west, seasonably rich low-level moisture atop an
undercutting cold front should support regenerative convection
through much of the period. With the west-southwesterly mid-level
flow regime, steep mid-level lapse rates will be maintained over the
pre-convective warm sector. Low-level flow will become increasingly
weak and diffluent, yielding a favorable deep-layer wind profile for
hail growth. Primary uncertainty is the degree of surface-based
development towards late afternoon/early evening along the composite
front/outflow. Current indications are that CIG2-type giant hail
potential might evolve with more discrete/isolated convection in the
south-central TX vicinity. For now, will incrementally add a CIG1
and defer to later outlooks for a possible categorical upgrade. 

Farther east-northeast across the Lower MS Valley, clusters may be
consolidating into line segments by mid-late morning Saturday. These
may yield an increase in mainly damaging wind and brief tornado
potential as the warm/moist sector destabilizes downstream. An
extensive swath of widespread convection is anticipated during the
afternoon. But this should become increasingly aligned with the
deep-layer shear vector. In conjunction with decreasing low-level
hodograph curvature, setup may only favor sporadic damaging winds
before storm intensities wane after sunset.

...OH Valley to the Lower Great Lakes...
No adjustment has been made to the level 2-SLGT risk area. At least
scattered convection should be ongoing upstream over parts of the
Midwest and Mid-South along/ahead of the aforementioned cold front.
This activity may not entirely decay, with renewed storm development
possible along the large-scale outflow that will probably remain
displaced appreciably east of the front. Where adequate insolation
can occur amid steep mid-level lapse rates, an uptick in storm
intensity should occur midday into the afternoon. Overall amplitudes
still seem to favor non-significant severe, but a scattering of
damaging winds, a couple tornadoes, and isolated marginally severe
hail all appear plausible. These threats should wane after sunset
and with eastern extent towards the Appalachians.

..Grams.. 03/05/2026

SPC Day 2 Fire Weather Outlook

Day 2 Fire Weather Outlook  
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0115 PM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Valid 061200Z - 071200Z

...CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER AREA FOR EASTERN NEW MEXICO...EXTREME
SOUTHEAST COLORADO...SOUTHWEST KANSAS...MUCH OF WEST TEXAS AND THE
OKLAHOMA PANHANDLE...

The Critical area was expanded to the north, east, and west to also
include extreme southwestern Kansas and additional portions of west
Texas, the Oklahoma Panhandle, and south-central New Mexico. The
Elevated area was also expanded to the north and east farther into
Oklahoma and central Kansas.

Along the eastward extent of the Critical area, the strongest
surface winds behind the dryline will surge eastward, especially
across west Texas. However, the expected precipitation today
associated with forecast severe storms initiating and drifting
northeast from the dryline precluded an eastward expansion of the
Elevated area over the same region. Farther north across the
Oklahoma Panhandle and portions of southwest/central Kansas,
convection is not expected to impact fuel conditions through at
least the next 36 hours. Thus, the Elevated and Critical areas were
expanded over southwest/central Kansas and portions of the Oklahoma
and Texas Panhandles to encompass the dry slot, with surface RHs
near 10-15%, and southwest sustained winds of 20-30 mph. 

Significant differences remain between forecast guidance on the
timing and orientation of the aforementioned surface cold front.
This continued uncertainty has impeded any farther expansion of
Elevated/Critical areas to the north and east with this issuance,
but this will be watched closely for subsequent outlooks. Even so,
behind the dry cold frontal passage, winds will shift to
north-northwest allowing an additional 2 to 3 hours of elevated
conditions.

The Critical area was also expanded, both toward the east and west,
along the south side of the previous Day 2 Fire Weather Outlook to
include portions of west Texas and more of south-central New Mexico.
Uncertainty as to how far west the critical conditions would reach
has been higher in these areas over the last couple of days.
However, forecast guidance does continue to show that critical
thresholds will be met and is only bolstered by the antecedent fuel
conditions thanks to the Day 1/Thursday drying.

..Stearns/Nauslar.. 03/05/2026

.PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 0215 AM CST Thu Mar 05 2026/

...Synopsis...
Split mid-level flow will develop over the CONUS through D2/Friday
as an upper-level shortwave trough centered over the Four Corners
ejects northeastward across the central Great Plains while a cutoff
low develops over Arizona. At the surface, strong westerly to
southwesterly downslope winds and very low RH values behind an
eastward progressing dryline will support elevated to critical fire
weather conditions across portions of the southern High Plains. A
strong cold front will then progresses southward late in the period.

...Portions of eastern New Mexico into west Texas and the
Texas/Oklahoma Panhandles...
Mid-level southwesterly flow will strengthen as a shortwave trough
ejects northeastward across the central Great Plains on Friday. This
strong mid-level flow aided by a lee surface cyclone will contribute
to 20-25 mph sustained southwesterly surface winds, with occasional
gusts to 30-40 mph. These strong winds will overlap very low RH
values of 10-15% behind an eastward progressing dryline, yielding
critical fire weather conditions for portions of West Texas, eastern
New Mexico, and the Texas/Oklahoma Panhandles. Elsewhere across the
southern High Plains, sustained southwesterly surface winds of 15-20
mph will overlap very low RH values of 10-20%, supporting elevated
fire weather conditions across much of west Texas northward to
southeastern Colorado/southwestern Kansas. A cold front will then
move southward late in the period, bringing cooler temperatures,
increased RH, and a sharp shift to northerly surface winds.

There remains some uncertainty regarding the eastern and northern
extents of elevated/critical fire weather conditions due to the
placement/movement of the dryline as well as the southward
progression of the cold front, respectively. Additionally,
convection forecast along the dryline across portions of the Texas
Panhandle today may bring significant rain to some areas that could
reduce fire weather concerns. However, an eastward expansion of
Elevated/Critical highlights may be needed for areas that do not see
significant rainfall.

...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov/fire for graphic product...

SPC 1730Z Day 2 Outlook

Day 2 Convective Outlook  
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
1132 AM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Valid 061200Z - 071200Z

...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN EASTERN
KS/OK AND WESTERN MO/AR...

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS SEPARATELY IN WEST
TX...

...SUMMARY...
Scattered severe thunderstorms are expected from late afternoon
Friday through Friday night from parts of the southern Great Plains
to the Midwest. The greatest potential for a couple strong tornadoes
and isolated very large hail is across eastern portions of
Oklahoma/Kansas and western portions of Arkansas/Missouri.

...Synopsis...
Broad upper trough over the West should split into two distinct
impulses by Friday night. The leading shortwave trough should eject
from the Four Corners across the central Great Plains to the Upper
Mississippi Valley, while a backside cutoff low evolves southward
over the Lower CO Valley. Lead cyclone should track from the western
KS vicinity across IA to the Upper Great Lakes. The dryline should
mix towards central OK/TX through late afternoon. A surface cold
front will accelerate southeastward across the central/southern
Great Plains on the backside of the lead cyclone. 

...Central/southern Great Plains into the Midwest...
Overall forecast has substantial uncertainties as latest guidance
trends towards a more bimodal and less robust setup across the level
3-ENH risk vicinity. The most probable signal is for initial mid to
late afternoon storm development to occur near the surface cyclone
track in KS across the adjacent MO Valley. Strong deep-layer shear
will support supercells near the immediate triple-point region and
downstream warm conveyor, with primary risks of large hail and a
couple tornadoes. But convection should grow upscale relatively
quickly along the surface warm front, as well as the accelerating
cold front. One elongated QLCS or a pair of QLCSs may evolve during
the evening. The lead one should progress east-northeast towards the
Lake MI vicinity with a threat for mainly damaging winds and a few
embedded tornadoes, along the northern periphery of the
surface-based instability plume. Farther south, the cold frontal
QLCS should expand southwestward and progress more east-southeast. A
mix of large hail, damaging winds, and perhaps a couple embedded
tornadoes are plausible. But increasingly veered low-level winds
near the front should taper the threat overnight.

A separate region of low-level warm conveyor storm development is
evident downstream of the OK/TX dryline, mainly along a portion of
the Red River towards the Ozarks during the late afternoon to early
evening. Low-level and deep-layer shear profiles will be
conditionally favorable for discrete supercells, amid a richly moist
boundary layer and sufficiently steep mid-level lapse rates. With
near-neutral mid-level height falls and peripheral influence of the
mid-level jetlet farther to the west/northwest, confidence is below
average on longer-lived/stronger supercells becoming sustained. Have
shifted the level 3-ENH risk to be centered on this region, where
storm development at least appears increasingly probable on Friday
night. 

...West TX...
Consensus of CAM guidance indicates an overnight corridor of storm
development to the cool side of the accelerating cold front as it
impinges on the western lobe of the TX buoyancy plume. Rather steep
mid-level lapse rates and strong effective bulk shear could support
a corridor of elevated large hail. The undercutting nature of the
front suggests this corridor will remain spatially confined.

..Grams.. 03/05/2026

SPC 1630Z Day 1 Outlook

Day 1 Convective Outlook RESENT 1
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
1126 AM CST Thu Mar 05 2026

Valid 051630Z - 061200Z

...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
THE EASTERN TEXAS PANHANDLE INTO WESTERN OKLAHOMA...

...SUMMARY...
Scattered severe thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon into
tonight from northwest Texas and the Texas Panhandle into western
Oklahoma and southern/central Kansas. Large to very large hail, a
few tornadoes, and severe/damaging winds are possible.

...Southern/Central Plains...
An upper trough will amplify over the western U.S. today as a broad
zone of modestly enhanced mid-level southwesterly flow persists over
the southern/central Plains. At the surface, lee cyclogenesis is
forecast to occur across eastern Colorado through this evening,
which will promote continued northward transport of low-level
moisture across Texas into Oklahoma/Kansas. A surface dryline will
also extend southward from the low over the southern High Plains.

Multi-layer cloud cover remains semi-prevalent at late morning but
peripheral gradual clearing is noted across parts of western North
Texas as well as along the New Mexico/Texas border vicinity. The
strongest heating/mixing will occur in vicinity across far
west/northwest Texas, but it seems probable that storm development
will occur within the somewhat richer moisture near/just east of the
Caprock Escarpment including parts of Low Rolling Plains and
Texas/southwest Oklahoma border vicinity. Such development should
occur by around 4pm-6pm CST as convective temperatures are breached.

Somewhat modest/nebulous large-scale ascent will probably support a
multi-hour period of semi-discrete supercells even if effective
shear is not robust and low-level shear/SRH a bit modest during time
of initial development, but nonetheless steadily strengthening
toward/after 00z/6pm CST. This will include associated threats for
large to very large hail initially, potentially up to 2-3 inches in
diameter. The increasing low-level shear through the evening will
also foster enlarged low-level hodographs and the potential for a
few tornadoes with this activity, potentially including a
spatiotemporal window for a strong (EF2+) tornado even if a more
complex mode is evolving. Over time, convection is forecast to grow
upscale into a small but potentially intense cluster as it moves
northeastward into parts of western/northern Oklahoma and southern
Kansas.

Isolated supercells may also occur along the length of the dryline
across west Texas late this afternoon/evening, with associated
threat for occasional large hail and severe wind gusts. However,
confidence in any more than isolated coverage remains low due to
weak large-scale forcing. Farther north, isolated severe hail may
occur tonight with elevated convection in a low-level warm advection
regime across eastern Nebraska, northwest Missouri into Iowa.

...Ohio Valley to the central Appalachians...
A mid-level shortwave trough will move quickly eastward today across
the Ohio Valley. Modest low-level moisture will remain in place
along/south of a front, with generally weak instability forecast
across the warm sector. Even so, sufficiently strong low to
mid-level winds associated with this shortwave trough may promote a
few instances of damaging winds with loosely organized clusters that
develop and spread eastward through the afternoon.

...Florida Peninsula...
Beneath an upper high and within an easterly low-level flow regime,
strong heating will occur today across the Florida Peninsula, with
dewpoints dropping into the mid 60s F. Despite the upper high,
mid-level temperatures (-11 or -12C at 500mb) will remain relatively
cool. Scattered convection appear probable along the western Florida
Peninsula during the afternoon where low-level convergence will be
maximized. Locally strong wind gusts will be possible, although
organized severe thunderstorms are not expected.

..Guyer/Wendt.. 03/05/2026